| Facial recognition is a category of biometric software that maps an individual's facial features mathematically and stores the data as a faceprint. The software uses deep learning algorithms to compare a live or digital image to the stored faceprint in order to verify an individual's identity. High-quality cameras in mobile devices have made facial recognition a viable option for authentication as well as identification. Apple's iPhone X, for example, includes Face ID technology that lets users unlock their phones with a faceprint mapped by the phone's camera. The phone's software, which is designed to resist being spoofed by photos or masks, captures and compares over 30,000 variables. As of this writing, Face ID can be used to authenticate purchases with Apple Pay and in the iTunes Store, App Store and iBooks Store. Apple encrypts and stores faceprint data in the cloud, but authentication takes place directly on the device. Developers can use Amazon Rekognition, an image analysis service that's part of the Amazon AI suite, to add facial recognition and analysis features to an application. Google provides a similar capability with its Google Cloud Vision API. The technology, which uses machine learning to detect, match and identify faces, is being used in a wide variety of ways, including entertainment and marketing. The Kinect motion gaming system, for example, uses facial recognition to differentiate among players. Smart advertisements in airports are now able to identify the gender, ethnicity and approximate age of a passersby and target the advertisement to the person's demographic. Facebook uses facial recognition software to tag individuals in photographs. Each time an individual is tagged in a photograph, the software stores mapping information about that person's facial characteristics. Once enough data has been collected, the software can use that information to identify a specific individual's face when it appears in a new photograph. To protect people's privacy, a feature called Photo Review notifies the Facebook member who has been identified. Currently, there are no laws in the United States that specifically protect an individual's biometric data. Facial recognition systems are currently being studied or deployed for airport security and it's estimated that more than half the United States population has already had their faceprint captured. According the Department of Homeland Security, the only way to avoid having biometric information collected when traveling internationally is to refrain from traveling. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) for European Member States does address biometric data. Other biometric identification systems include voice recognition, iris recognition, skin texture recognition, fingerprint scanning and finger vein identification. |
| | | Writing for Business | The Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) has worked with European officials to support implementation of the _____ privacy and related data use laws and regulations. a. Unions'
b. Union's
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