Isaac Asimov, the science fiction writer, foresaw the potential dangers of autonomous AI agents long before their development and created The Three Laws of Robotics as a means of limiting those risks. In Asimov's code of ethics, the first law forbids robots from actively harming humans or allowing harm to come to humans by refusing to act. The second law orders robots to obey humans, unless the orders are not in accordance with the first law. The third law orders robots to protect themselves, insofar as doing so is in accordance with the first two laws.
Although developers are still in the early stages of AI adoption, it's important for enterprises to take ethical and responsible approaches when creating AI systems. To that end, a non-profit institute founded by MIT cosmologist Max Tegmark, Skype co-founder Jaan Tallinn and DeepMind research scientist Viktoriya Krakovnahas -- worked with AI researchers and developers to establish a set of guiding principles which are now referred to as the Asilomar AI Principles. This AI code of ethics mandates that:
The goal of AI research should be to create not undirected intelligence, but beneficial intelligence.
Investments in AI should be accompanied by funding for research on ensuring its beneficial use.
If an AI system causes harm, it should be possible to ascertain why.
Any involvement by an autonomous system in judicial decision-making should provide a satisfactory explanation auditable by a competent human authority.
There should be a constructive and healthy exchange between AI researchers and policy-makers.
A culture of cooperation, trust, and transparency should be fostered among researchers and developers of AI.
Teams developing AI systems should actively cooperate to avoid corner-cutting on safety standards.
AI systems should be safe and secure throughout their operational lifetime, and verifiably so where applicable and feasible.
Designers and builders of advanced AI systems are stakeholders in the moral implications of their use, misuse, and actions, with a responsibility and opportunity to shape those implications.
Highly autonomous AI systems should be designed so that their goals and behaviors can be assured to align with human values throughout their operation.
AI systems should be designed and operated so as to be compatible with ideals of human dignity, rights, freedoms, and cultural diversity.
People should have the right to access, manage and control the data they generate, given AI systems' power to analyze and utilize that data.
The application of AI to personal data must not unreasonably curtail people's real or perceived liberty.
AI technologies should benefit and empower as many people as possible.
The economic prosperity created by AI should be shared broadly, to benefit all of humanity.
Humans should choose how and whether to delegate decisions to AI systems, to accomplish human-chosen objectives.
The power conferred by control of highly advanced AI systems should respect and improve, rather than subvert, the social and civic processes on which the health of society depends.
Risks posed by AI systems, especially catastrophic or existential risks, must be subject to planning and mitigation efforts commensurate with their expected impact.
An arms race in lethal autonomous weapons should be avoided.
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